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Article #253: The History of the Electric Guitar

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When most people think of electric guitar. In 1940, during his time at
guitars, they think of rock music. But Gibson Guitars, Les Paul attempted a
electric guitars are more versatile than solid-body instrument called the "log
you'd think. You can find them in jazz, guitar," so called because it was a
blues, country music, New-Age simple post equipped with neck, strings,
compositions, and even contemporary and pickups.
classical pieces. Electric guitars are The electric guitar did not hit
intimately associated with many famous commercial success until the 1950's, when
musicians of the twentieth century-and Fender released its first solid-body
may be the iconic musical instrument of model: the Esquire. The Esquire was
our time. followed by the Telecaster and finally,
The demand for electric guitars came in 1954, the Stratocaster. The "Strat"
during the Big Band Era in the 20's and was hailed in professional musical and
30's. The big brass bands of the time luthier circles alike, and became a
were very loud, and other instruments had signature instrument of such famous
to be artificially amplified to stand up musicians as Jimi Hendrix, George
to their powerful sound. Performers Harrison, David Gilmour, Eric Clapton,
experimented with attaching microphones Jimmy Page, and many others.
to acoustic guitars. The first The electric guitar produced an
manufactured electric guitars were made aggressive sound very different from the
in 1931 by the Electro String Instrument melodic and lyrical tones of its
Corporation. ancestor, the acoustic. The sound of the
The first time an electric guitar is electric guitar became characteristic of
known to have been used in performance rock and roll in the 60's and 70's. It
was in 1932. Bandleader Gage Brewer of was a high-profile instrument during this
Wichita, Kansas, received two electric time, appearing on stage with hundreds of
guitars directly through Electro String famous bands and musicians.
Instruments, possibly for publicity This created demand among the general
purposes. Brewer wrote about the guitars public for affordable electric guitars.
in an article in the Wichita Beacon In the 60's and 70's, electric guitars
before the performance. were very expensive-too pricey for a
The earliest known recording of an buyer who wasn't a famous musician.
electric guitar performance was produced Although some companies attempted to fill
in 1938. George Barnes, a jazz the gap with cheap imitations, the sound
guitarist, recorded two songs with the of these guitars did not compare to the
guitar, called "It's a Lowdown Dirty real thing.
Shame" and "Sweetheart Land." It wasn't until the 1980's that Japanese
The earliest electric guitars were manufacturers stepped forward with
essentially hollow-bodied acoustic affordable electric guitars capable of
guitars equipped with Tungsten pickups. professional-quality sound. This put
The problem with hollow-body electric pressure on American companies such as
guitars is that the hollow space within Gibson and Fender to provide their own
the guitar produces vibrations when the affordable lines. Electric guitars became
strings are plucked or strummed. These more and more successful in the consumer
vibrations account for the unique tone of market as quality improved, and prices
an acoustic guitar, but they produce went down as new manufacturers entered
harsh feedback when they interact with the market. Soon, electric guitars were
the pickups in an electric guitar. Early more accessible than they had ever been.
electric guitar players used to stuff Today, the electric guitar is one of the
rags and newspapers into their most prolific instruments in popular
hollow-body instruments in an attempt to music. You can find it in a wide variety
get rid of the feedback. of genres, from metal to New Age. You
One of the earlier solid-body guitars was can also buy an electric guitar like the
an aluminium instrument known as the rock stars have-without paying the prices
"Frying Pan" or "Pancake Guitar." These they pay. Because it's so common in
guitars were said to have produced a contemporary music and in the hands of
sound similar to that of modern electric amateur musicians, there's little doubt
guitars. that the electric guitar is one of the
Several other well-known luthiers most successful instruments of the
experimented with solid-body guitars twentieth century.
during the early history of the electric






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