What Are Violin Bows Made Of?

Most violin bows are usually made from one ofneed to spend over $1,000 for a genuine
three materials:pernambuco bow, you will find many Brazilwood
1) wood;bows priced at or below $500 and as low as
2) fiberglass; or$50.00. The quality of these bows is very hit and
3) carbon fiber.miss. Even if they bear the same stamp, each is
1) Wood. For centuries, the finest bows in theunique. If you want to go with a Brazilwood bow,
world have been made from wood. Specifically,consider trying a lot of them. By a lot, I mean at
pernambuco wood from Brazil. This wood is quiteleast a dozen. Consider taking a couple home so
rare and expensive, as it is taken from the centeryou can spend more time with them. It might be
of a tree that grows only in Brazil and is availablea good idea to visit a couple different shops.
in an ever-dwindling supply. So-called "Brazilwood"Brazilwood bows are a dime a dozen, so hold out
bows come from the same tree, but are notfor one that you really think is special. Remember
crafted from the center cut. The price of a woodthat wood bows can be quite fragile. If you tend
bow can range from $35 to literally over $50,000.to be hard on your equipment you might want to
All this for a thin stick of wood that can, andconsider a different material. Expect to spend at
sometimes does, break. (Musical instrumentleast $300.00 for a wood bow that will perform
insurance is a must for owners of expensivequite well.
wood bows and violins).2) Fiberglass. A fiberglass bow usually costs
19th and early 20th century French bows madebetween $25 and $50. However, fiberglass is a
of pernambuco wood are considered the mostvery poor substitute for wood. These bows are
valuable bows on the planet, and it is possible toalmost always very weak and will collapse at the
spend over $100,000 for the finest examples. It ismiddle with very little pressure. The hair is sparse
quite common for professional musicians to spendand of low quality. These bows are sometimes on
between $10,000 and $30,000 to obtain a finethe heavy side, and can have a club-like feel and
French bow. Some of the most famous Frenchappearance. It is very limiting to have a fiberglass
bow-makers: Eugene Sartory (who made strong,bow, and, as a teacher, I do not recommend
powerful sticks favored by many soloists for theirthem, even for beginners.
ability to produce a large sound that carries well),3) Carbon Fiber. Bows made from carbon fiber
Francois Tourte (possibly the inventor of thebows usually cost between $200 and $700. These
"modern" bow, also favored by soloists for itsbows are very durable, and tend not to break. A
incredible sweetness and smoothness), andgood example can offer comparable performance
Dominique Peccatte, another maker of choice forto a pernambuco wood bow worth many times
soloists, known for crafting bows of exceptionalits price. Although carbon fiber bows are generally
balance and depth of sound. The Sartory mightmore consistent than wood bows, each carbon
go for $20,000, and the Tourte and Peccattefiber bow, no matter the make and model, is still
upwards of $50,000.unique. Why? The answer is wood. Namely, the
Besides the French School, there are two otherebony wood frog. Since each piece of ebony
schools with a rich history of high qualitydiffers in density, carbon fiber bows actually do
pernambuco-wood bow-making. The first is thevary both in weight and in the location of the
English School, from which bows made by Tubbsbalance point. The best bows usually come in at
and those stamped "W.E. Hill" are the mostaround 60 grams give or take a gram or two. But
well-known. Fine English bows usually sell forI have seen carbon fiber bows that weigh as little
around $5,000 to $15,000. The second is theas 55 grams and as much as 65 grams (from the
German School, which is significantly less favoredsame company). And, some of the cheaper
than the other two. Bows by this country's mostmodels actually sound better than the more
famous family of bow-makers, bearing the nameexpensive ones. Be prepared to try several
of Nurnberger, are "comparatively cheap." Butdifferent models and ask to compare different
even a Nurnberger will usually cost at least $2,000.bows of the same model as well.
There are also several contemporary AmericanIn sum, the finest wood bows offer incomparable
bow-makers using pernambuco wood who areperformance but at a price that few can afford.
doing excellent work. One of these is RogerIn addition, wood bows may break. Fiberglass
Zabinski, a luthier who lives and works inbows, though attractively priced, are simply not
Minnesota. It is possible to commission from him aan option due to poor performance. For many
new bow designed to meet your needs, or toviolinists, carbon fiber bows offer the best of
match your violin. But you should expect theseboth worlds: high performance and durability at a
also to be priced somewhere in the range ofrelatively low price.
$2,000 to $4,000.Although you probably would