The Piano: Percussion Or String?

The piano is perhaps the most widely usedresting position and the string that will define the
instrument in Western music despite its lack ofloudness of what is heard. In fact, electronic
portability and its great expense. Despite itskeyboards and MIDI components have taken the
popularity, however, few people are interested interm "velocity" and have literally replaced the
the trivial facts that make a piano so fascinating.word "volume" in today's electronic music jargon.
For example, the name "piano" is actually shortHow Should We Classify Instruments?
for "pianoforte", which literally means "harpsichordWhen it comes to keyboards, one is reminded
that plays both loud and soft". It wasthat a keyboard is nothing more than a practical
revolutionary to play an instrument that had suchmethod to play specific pitches – no different
a great dynamic range. After all, a harpsichordthan the valves on a trumpet, the frets on a
was a nice sounding instrument but had a singleguitar, or the slide on a trombone. It is difficult,
volume and a single tone. The only variety thatthen, to say that the keyboard itself could define
came with a harpsichord was in the painting thata specific group of instruments. Why would one
was normally found on the inside of the lid.use the physical aspects of determining pitch as a
The along comes a piano – so dynamic, soclassification? What if we did? We would have the
brilliant, so unique that it was almost instantlyfollowing categories:
classified as both a percussion and a string• The "Valves"
instrument; percussion because the player strikes• The "Slides"
the key to make a sound, and string because the• The "Bows"
sound is actually the result of a string's vibration.• The "Keys"
However, it can also be classified as a• The "Sticks"
"chordophone" for the same reason. TheSounds like some interesting sections in our
chordophone family of instruments is those thatorchestra! But when it comes to what the
get their sound from a vibrating string. But thenaudience truly hears, these classifications are a bit
again, the piano's sound board has a lot to do withimpractical. Wait a minute? Perhaps that is our
the sound as well.key (no pun intended)? Perhaps we need to
So what is it?classify the piano because of what we hear? If
Those that argue for the "percussion" class areso, the piano is one of the most beautiful string
quick to point out that the strength of the strikeinstruments to ever be invented. Yes – it is
on the key determines the volume. They rightlythe string that makes the sound and the
claim that there are many percussion instrumentssoundboard gives it the projection and tone that
that have keyboards and distinct pitches. Ofis makes it so wonderful.
course, they can also claim that, like manySo….?
mammoth percussion instruments, the piano isSo what is the piano? It is a string instrument.
huge and unmovable!Those that consider it percussion because it is
However, many people, including those who claimstruck fail to take into account all those angry
to be piano experts, do not realize that it is thebrass players that strike their instruments on
"velocity" of the keystroke that determines themany occasions. There are times when I prefer
volume and not the strength behind it. It is thethat tone over the normal one!
speed of the hammer traveling between its