The History of the Piano

Many people do not realize that the piano is acreating changes in volume.
stringed instrument. Because the strings areIt is unclear exactly when a truly hammered
hidden away inside of the piano, and out of sight,keyboard instrument appeared. There are letters
it is not generally realized that strings are used toindicating that an instrument that could play both
create the sounds of the piano. Because of itsloud and soft was available in 1598, but historians
stringed quality, the forerunners to the pianoare unsure as to whether this was a hammered
include such instruments as the dulcimer (whichpiano, or a cleverly rigged harpsichord. In any
was played by hitting stretched strings ofcase, most historians agree that what can actually
different lengths with a hammer). But all of itbe called the "pianoforte" did not make an
began in the annals of prehistory, when humansappearance until 1709. This instrument was
noticed that a stretched animal-gut string createdcapable of a wide range of artistic expression.
different sounds depending on length and tautness.The name piano is a derivative of the term
Keyed instruments that resembled some sort ofpianoforte. "Piano" is a term that means "soft,"
a keyboard first appeared in the middle of theand "forte" is one that means "loud" or "strong."
12th Century. It was called the monochord.The name given the piano originally is quite
Eventually, enough keyed strings developed intodescriptive. It basically means "soft-loud" and
the clavichord. This instrument was unique, in thatdescribes the feat of being able to play a
having keyed strings better facilitated the abilitykeyboard instrument with varying degrees of
to strike more than one string at a time. Thisvolume. Originally, there was little interest in the
meant that it was possible to produce twopianoforte. However, as an article written about
sounds, or notes, at once. It until a couple ofthe new keyboard invention was translated into
centuries later, in the 14th Century, that metaldifferent languages made its way across the
wires were used in place of strings for manyEuropean continent, makers of clavichords and
instruments, including the keyboard instruments.harpsichords began also to make pianos.
The harpsichord came into being before the pianoAs the piano evolved, it began to take different
did (sometime in the 14th Century). It was basedforms, including upright grand (1739), upright
more on the old instrument called the psaltery. A(1800), and different styles of grands and
psaltery was a simply instrument where theuprights, including those that expanded to include
strings were placed in a box and then pluckedmore octaves. While the keyboard arrangement
with the finger, or with an instrument called ahas not changed much since the 14th Century,
plectra. When the keys of a harpsichord werekeyboard instruments have expanded to include
struck, a plectra pulled on the sting, plucking it.more than one sounding board, and several
However, the harpsichord was incapable ofoctaves.